Process of producing soft ferrous metal castings



. MYERS PROCESS OF PRODUCING SOFT FERROUS METAL CASTINGS Oct. 16 i923.

Filed 561311.25'. 1921 r l Il Patented Oct.l 16, 14923.

UNITED` STATESA 1,471,190 .PATENT- OFFICE.

HUBERT A; MYERS, F TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE HUBERT A. MYERS COMPANY,

`OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO. i

PROCESS OF PEODUCING SOFT FERROUS METAL CATIN GS.

d Application led September 28, 1921. Serial No. 502,661?

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HUBERT A. MYERS, a citi'zen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, Lucas County, Ohio, havemade l an Invention Appertainin to Process of Producing Soft Ferrous etal Castings; and I do hereby declare the' following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use 'the same, reference being made' to. the

drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, this specification.

l5 My invention relates to the process of producing soft ferrous castings. It particularly has for its object to prevent crystallization, thus avoiding the production of y stresses and strains within the castings;

d avoiding the formation of hardening carbon and fof carbide carbon and allowing substantially a complete liberation of the carbonu from its solution with 'the metal Vas the n metal cools, -thus permitting substantiall al1 of the carbon-to become free\ car bon efore the metal solidifies.

The invention may be carried out in ap-4 paratus of different forms. To illustrate a shown `in t e accompanying drawings an apparatus in which the recess may be conducted and I shall descrlbe the apparatus in connection with the process. d Figure 1 illustrates a top view of the apparatus, and Fig.2 illustrates a side view.

1 is a molding machine that may be hand `operated by the crank 2 to o n and close the parts 3 and 4 of the mo d that correspond to the drag and the cope of a mold. A pair of arms 5 may be connected to the crank 2 and a pair of ears 6 may be connected to the part 3 of the mold and links 7 may be used to connect the arms 5 with the the matrix of the mold may be made of any which form a part of-` practical a lication of the invention I havev that the carbon will have material that will withstand the temperature and permit the rapid formation of the castings within the mold. The temperature of the mold may be regulated by any 'other method or means.

The castings may be ejected from the mold, when the parts 3 and 4 have been separated, by any suitable means and allowed to fall upon lthe inclined trough 10. which will direct them to the inlet or opening of the lehr. They may be'directed onto a conveyer 12 formed of a suitable material to withstand the high temperature'at which the lehr is maintained and to which the castings are subj eoted while within thelehr. Any form of means may be provided for conveying or directing the castings from the mold into the lehr. It is, however, desirable that the transfer be made with quickness in order tol prevent chilling of the castings. In order to avoid the cooling eiect in the transfer of 75 the castingsrom the mold to the lehr the nlld may be placed at the mouth of the The conveyer 12 may be of any form and the one shown in the drawings is merely a conventional illustration of a means for permitting successive castings to` be carried into the lehr and maintained in the lehr for a considerable length 'of' time so that the temperature ofthe castings as they 95 pass through the lehr may be so controlled an opportunity to become liberated from the solution that it f forms with the iron. The lehr is heated by a Y plurality of burners 13 and the temperature produced by the burners is controlled by any means, such as by the valves 14, so as to permit a very gradual reduction of the temperature while the castings are carried slowly through the lehr by means of the conveyer l124 and linally removed from the conveyer 12 when the temperature is -well below 1300 F., such as below 900 The castings may be discharged from the lehr at a temperature somewhat above 900 v100 F. if provision is made for slow subsequent cooling of the castings. ,They maybe d1s charged into a comminuted heat lnsulating material such as aked mica contained 1n a;l trou h or receptacle of any suitable form".`

a conveyer containing a plurality of .'containers or boxes 15 linked 'together and sup l.

d ings in a hot slow cooling of the castings continued afterV leavingthe lehr. n

The soft castings will thus be formed withoutpermitting crystallization or formation of cementite at any time since the slow cooling from the time the metal 1s first poured prevents t-he combination of the carbon with the iron. In this way better castings are formed than when castings are annealed as in the process commonly used in making malleable castings.

1. The process of producing soft ferrous castings, which consists in shaping the castings' in a hot mold, delivering the castings from the mold before the temperature of the castings decreases sufficiently to prevent dissolution of the carbon in the metal, and maintaining the lehr and the castingsnat a temperature higher than that at which carbon will combine with the iron until substantially all of the carbon has become liberated. from the' solution and allowing the castings to gradually cool.

2. The process of producing soft ferrous castings, which consists in shaping the castmold directing the castings from the mold to a'lehr before the temperature of the castings decreases sufficientlyto prevent dissolution of the carbon in the metal, a portion of the lehr being maintained at a` temperature higher than that at which carbon will combinev with the iron, and retaining` the castings in the lehr until substantially all of the carbon has become liberated from its solution with the metal.

3. The process of producing soft ferrous castings, which consists in shaping the castings in a hot mold, directing the castings from the mold to a lehrbefore the temperature of the castings decreases suiliciently to prevent dissolution of the carbon in the metal, a portion ofthe lehr being maintained at a temperature higher than that at which carbon will combine with the iron until substantially all of 'thejcarbon has been liberated from solution with the ferrous metal and -substantially submerging the castings in powdered heat insulating material upon their discharge 'from the lehr.

4. The process of producing soft ferrous castings, which consists in shaping the castings in hot molds, directing the castings from the molds to a lehr before the ternperature of the castings decreases sufficiently to prevent dissolution of the carbon in the metal,- the lehr being maintained at a. temperature higher than that at which carbon will combine with the iron and retaining the castings in the lehr until substantially all of the carbon has-become liberated from its solution with the metal, s'ubstantially submerging the castings in aked mica upon their discharge from the lehr.

5. In an apparatus for producing soft ferrous metal castings, a casting means, a lehr, a conveyer, movable within the lehr, means for conveying the castings from the casting means to the conveyer, means for heating and regulating' the temperature of the lehr, a receptacle for receiving the castings from the lehr, and a heat insulating material located within the receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have subscribed my name to this specificationM HUBERT A MYERS.

:soA 

